Frequently Asked Questions

What is autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? 

Autism, often called autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a natural and lifelong variation in how a person’s brain develops and processes information. It shapes the way a child experiences the world, communicates, learns, and relates to others. 

ASD is quite common—current research estimates that about 1 in every 50 children is diagnosed with autism, reflecting a wide and diverse community of autistic people. 

Children with autism often share some common characteristics, though each child is unique. These may include differences in social communication (such as understanding and using language, reading social cues, or making friends), sensory experiences (being more sensitive or less sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, or tastes), and behaviours (such as enjoying routines, engaging deeply with special interests, or having unique ways of expressing themselves). 

Autism is not a disorder to be “fixed,” but a different way of being that brings both strengths and challenges. 

What is the difference between social communication differences and ASD? 

Social communication differences describe a range of ways children may express themselves, understand others, and use language in social settings. ASD includes social communication differences but also involves other traits such as sensory preferences or unique patterns of thinking and behaviour. Not all social communication differences mean a child has autism, but they are important to understand and support. 

Are social communication difficulties always linked to ASD? 

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What causes ASD or social communication differences? 

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How do social communication differences or ASD affect a child’s daily life?  

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What therapies or interventions help children with social communication differences or ASD? 

Effective support focuses on understanding each child’s strengths, interests, and challenges. Therapies and interventions aim to empower children to communicate, connect, and thrive in ways that feel natural to them.  

Approaches that respect neurodiversity and prioritise the child’s wellbeing—such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, play-based learning, and support for social, emotional, and mental health—can be helpful.  

What resources or supports are available? 

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What should I tell teachers or caregivers about my child’s social communication needs? 

Share your child’s unique way of communicating, learning, and interacting. Highlight their strengths and any strategies that help them feel comfortable and understood.